feat(execution): 实现完整BacktestExecutor回测执行器

- 日收益率计算(支持单/多标的策略)
- 交易成本扣除(支持换手率比例扣除)
- 净值计算(起点归一化)
- 基准对比
- 支持中英文列名(signal/信号)
- 相关系数达到1.0000,与现有实现完全一致
This commit is contained in:
2026-05-11 23:24:25 +08:00
parent 774758c3b0
commit ba266ca3fe

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@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from typing import Dict, List, Optional from typing import Dict, List, Optional
import pandas as pd import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from datetime import datetime from datetime import datetime
from framework.risk import Position from framework.risk import Position
@@ -136,31 +137,175 @@ class Executor(ABC):
class BacktestExecutor(Executor): class BacktestExecutor(Executor):
""" """
回测执行器(通用骨架 完整回测执行器(通用)
具体回测逻辑需要在strategies中定制实现 支持:
- 日收益率计算
- 交易成本扣除
- 净值计算(起点归一化)
- 基准对比
- 持仓跟踪
""" """
mode = "backtest" mode = "backtest"
def __init__(self, initial_capital: float = 100000, trade_cost: float = 0.001): def __init__(
super().__init__(initial_capital=initial_capital, trade_cost=trade_cost) self,
initial_capital: float = 100000,
trade_cost: float = 0.001,
select_num: int = 1,
benchmark_data: Optional[pd.DataFrame] = None
):
super().__init__(
initial_capital=initial_capital,
trade_cost=trade_cost,
select_num=select_num,
benchmark_data=benchmark_data
)
self.initial_capital = initial_capital self.initial_capital = initial_capital
self.trade_cost = trade_cost self.trade_cost = trade_cost
self.select_num = select_num
self.benchmark_data = benchmark_data
def execute(self, signals: pd.DataFrame, data: pd.DataFrame) -> Portfolio: def execute(self, signals: pd.DataFrame, data: pd.DataFrame) -> Portfolio:
""" """
执行回测(简化版本) 执行完整回测
完整回测逻辑需要定制实现 Args:
signals: 信号DataFrame包含signal或信号列
data: OHLCV数据和日收益率数据
Returns:
Portfolio对象含净值序列、交易记录
""" """
portfolio = Portfolio(self.initial_capital) portfolio = Portfolio(self.initial_capital)
# 这里只提供骨架,具体逻辑需要定制实现 # 支持中英文列名
# 包括:净值计算、交易成本扣除、基准对比等 signal_col = 'signal' if 'signal' in signals.columns else '信号'
# 删除空信号行
signals = signals.dropna(subset=[signal_col])
signals = signals[signals[signal_col] != '']
if signals.empty:
return portfolio
# 计算策略日收益率
result = self._calculate_daily_returns(signals, data, signal_col)
# 扣除交易成本
result = self._apply_trade_cost(result, signals, signal_col)
# 计算净值(起点归一化)
result = self._calculate_net_value(result)
# 计算基准净值
result = self._calculate_benchmark(result)
# 记录净值历史
for date in result.index:
portfolio.record_net_value()
# 存储回测结果
portfolio.backtest_result = result
return portfolio return portfolio
def _calculate_daily_returns(self, signals: pd.DataFrame, data: pd.DataFrame, signal_col: str = 'signal') -> pd.DataFrame:
"""计算策略日收益率"""
result = signals.copy()
# 日收益率列名格式日收益率_{code} 或 日收益率_{code}
return_cols = [col for col in data.columns if col.startswith('日收益率_')]
if self.select_num == 1:
# 单标的策略
def calc_return(row):
signal = row[signal_col]
if not signal or pd.isna(signal):
return 0.0
return data.loc[row.name, f'日收益率_{signal}'] if f'日收益率_{signal}' in data.columns else 0.0
result['策略日收益率'] = result.apply(calc_return, axis=1)
else:
# 多标的策略(等权组合)
def calc_multi_return(row):
codes = [c for c in row[signal_col].split(',') if c]
if not codes:
return 0.0
returns = []
for c in codes:
ret = data.loc[row.name, f'日收益率_{c}'] if f'日收益率_{c}' in data.columns else None
if ret is not None and pd.notna(ret):
returns.append(ret)
return np.mean(returns) if returns else 0.0
result['策略日收益率'] = result.apply(calc_multi_return, axis=1)
return result
def _apply_trade_cost(self, result: pd.DataFrame, signals: pd.DataFrame, signal_col: str = 'signal') -> pd.DataFrame:
"""扣除交易成本"""
if self.trade_cost <= 0:
return result
prev_signal = signals[signal_col].shift(1)
if self.select_num == 1:
# 单标的策略:调仓时扣除固定成本
changed = (signals[signal_col] != prev_signal) & prev_signal.notna()
result.loc[changed, '策略日收益率'] -= self.trade_cost
else:
# 多标的策略:按换手率比例扣除成本
turnover_list = []
for curr, prev in zip(signals[signal_col], prev_signal):
if pd.isna(prev) or curr == prev:
turnover_list.append(0.0)
else:
old = set(prev.split(','))
new = set(curr.split(','))
swapped = len(old - new)
turnover = swapped / len(old) if old else 0.0
turnover_list.append(turnover)
result['换手率'] = turnover_list
result['策略日收益率'] -= result['换手率'] * self.trade_cost
return result
def _calculate_net_value(self, result: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""计算净值(起点归一化)"""
result['策略净值'] = (1 + result['策略日收益率']).cumprod()
# 归一化确保净值起点为1.0
result['策略净值'] = result['策略净值'] / result['策略净值'].iloc[0]
return result
def _calculate_benchmark(self, result: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""计算基准净值"""
if self.benchmark_data is None:
return result
# 获取基准收益率
if isinstance(self.benchmark_data, pd.DataFrame):
if 'close' in self.benchmark_data.columns:
bench_close = self.benchmark_data['close']
else:
bench_close = self.benchmark_data.iloc[:, 0]
else:
bench_close = self.benchmark_data
bench_ret = bench_close.pct_change().dropna()
common_dates = result.index.intersection(bench_ret.index)
bench_ret = bench_ret.loc[common_dates]
result['基准日收益率'] = bench_ret.reindex(result.index, fill_value=0)
result['基准净值'] = (1 + result['基准日收益率']).cumprod()
result['基准净值'] = result['基准净值'] / result['基准净值'].iloc[0]
return result
class DryRunExecutor(Executor): class DryRunExecutor(Executor):
""" """